Cross-Cultural Study of Sex and Gender Assignment

Diverse Study of Sex and Gender - Assignment Example It has been generally realized that those given parameters contain inciting issues that influence the entire society since the beginning. There is no reason for all types of social orders far and wide have at least one of those issues. Every issue has its own subjects of discussions among the cultural individuals. The masters and the antis with respect to explicit issues take their position by refuting the opposite side as. They present subtleties to help their cases and contentions are in some cases put in a book structure where they show the entirety of the subtleties. They clarify those contentions as much as possible and offer those with others. Despite the fact that that might be the situation, a few books don't agree with any contention as they attempt to impartially contemplate, break down and present the issues and the likely arrangements from the two sides. As referenced over, those issues are critical to illuminate however they as of now exist for quite a long time. One of those is the issue of sex and sexual orientation and how the general public perspectives it. As a point, it is an expansive and dubious idea with numerous issues profound inside. The idea isn't confined to the view on the sex as a demonstration relating intercourse yet additionally incorporates genital wellbeing, pregnancy, sexual orientation direction, sex fairness, and some more. They are terrifically significant subjects to be talked about since everyone is influenced by either. In the paper, three books are introduced and are inspected basically with respect to the different issues in sex and sexuality in different settings. Each book handles the diverse issue which is critical to be dispersed to everybody to forestall mistreatment and negative impacts. In the wake of looking profound into the issues, potential arrangements are made and further investigations should be possible to reinforce the comprehension and set up the strong responses to existing cultural issues. The principal book is entitled Fixing Men: Sex, Birth Control, and AIDS in Mexico composed by Michael Gutmann dependent on the exploration he made in Oaxaca. He uncovered some new realities blended in with new discoveries in regards to the job of men in multiplication as AIDS has become rampant.â â

ELECTRONIC PACKAGING AND ASSEMBLY Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ELECTRONIC PACKAGING AND ASSEMBLY - Lab Report Example The figure beneath shows the High Performance Lead Frame Electronic Package. I chose the idea based on its capacity the executives applications in the hardware designing field. The leads in the all-encompassing territory of the structure increment current fitness prompting required force rating. The electronic applications in the ongoing years discover a decrease of per transistor power rate alongside higher current and force rating joined by better execution and speed limitations. The lead outline innovation keeps these necessities to much effective position. I have examined the different structure contemplations made in the gadgets bundling part so as to decide the real and worth plan for the potential bundle of electronic modules. It is known to all that the electronic bundle isn't simply external covers of segment or get together of segments however the substrate, interconnections and covering are likewise remembered for it. The lead outline was made which includes a layer of conveyor of power, a bite the dust paddle and a majority of leads which are remote from one another and are somewhat exposed at the base of the bundle. This gives a stage to fitting different segments of the circuit to be manufactured. The semiconductor chips incorporate the security cushions which are mounted on the kick the bucket plane interconnected by the wires among them and majority of leads. There exists at least two wires associated between at least two bond cushions and a majority of leads with single lead. Each single lead has an all-encompassing part r equired for better. My investigation of the electronic bundling methods uncovered that they have prospered from the crude blown and molded slip metal bundling to the path gathering in print. The gadgets field decides the bundling as a critical region of building. The general execution of a circuit gathering can be expanded by using

Coping With Hypochondriasis or a Fear of Illness

Coping With Hypochondriasis or a Fear of Illness Phobias Types Print Hypochondriasis: A Fear of Illness Symptoms, Dangers, and Treatment By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 26, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on January 19, 2020 svetikd / E+ / Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Hypochondriasis,?? or hypochondria, is not technically classified as a phobia. In the latest version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition (DSM-5),?? the term has been eliminated. Instead, most individuals who would have previously been diagnosed with hypochondriasis will now receive a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder or illness anxiety disorder. However, there are some who feel that hypochondriasis should be reclassified as a phobia  since it represents a specific fear.?? Hypochondriasis vs. Nosophobia Both hypochondriasis and nosophobia are fears of illness.?? The difference is in the exact nature of the fear. Nosophobia is the fear of developing a specific disease such as cancer or diabetes. Hypochondriasis is the fear that existing physical symptoms may be the result of an undiagnosed disease. Symptoms If you suffer from hypochondriasis,?? you are likely to be extremely aware of minor bodily symptoms such as headaches, joint pain or sweating. You may be convinced that these symptoms are caused by a serious medical disease, and become nervous and obsessed with frequently checking your condition. Some people with hypochondriasis react with a need for constant reassurance. They may visit the doctor regularly despite tests showing that everything is normal. They may also frequently complain of their symptoms to friends and family members.?? Others who suffer from hypochondriasis react in the opposite extreme. They may avoid visiting the doctor for fear of learning bad news. They may be reluctant to share their fears with loved ones, either because they are afraid of having their fears confirmed or because they believe that they will not be taken seriously.?? Dangers It is easy for hypochondriasis to become a self-replicating cycle.?? Many of the physical symptoms of illness can also be caused by stress. Joint and muscle pain, sweating, nausea and skin conditions are a few of the more common physical symptoms that hypochondriasis suffers worry about. That worry can, in turn, cause these symptoms to worsen and new symptoms to develop. As mentioned above, hypochondriasis may also lead sufferers to avoid seeking medical treatment altogether, thus jeopardizing their health. Concurrent Disorders Although researchers are not yet certain what causes hypochondriasis, there is frequently overlap with anxiety disorders.?? People who have hypochondriasis may also suffer from specific phobias, generalized anxiety disorder, and/or panic disorder with agoraphobia, among other conditions. Treatment Traditionally, hypochondriasis has been thought to be untreatable. However, research?? has shown that some treatments can be effective. Cognitive-behavioral therapy  (CBT) has become a popular option for treating hypochondriasis. This type of therapy helps sufferers learn to manage the anxiety that they feel towards their physical symptoms. In turn, this can help the symptoms themselves diminish. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors  (SSRIs)?? are a type of medication that can help to treat hypochondriasis. These drugs are generally known as antidepressants and work by affecting the levels of serotonin in the brain. Examples include Zoloft (sertraline), Paxil (paroxetine) and Prozac (fluoxetine). Getting Help If you constantly worry about physical symptoms, it is important that you seek treatment. It is generally best to visit your family doctor first in order to rule out any possible medical cause for your symptoms. If your doctor does not find an illness, then the next step is to seek help from a mental health professional. Untreated hypochondriasis can eventually cause you to limit your life activities due to your fears. With treatment, however, you can get your symptoms under control and move on with your daily life.

Essay on Civil Engineering at a Glance - 1408 Words

The career of a civil engineer is diminishing rapidly; however, more buildings and roads are being constructed. Becoming an engineer is not an easy task to complete. Many years of college and post-education training are required to gain the ability to be titled an engineer, especially a civil engineer. Civil engineers draft and design large construction projects including roads, building, airports, water shed lakes, dams, bridges and other various public works systems. Sometimes, civil engineers are asked to safeguard the health of our environment by managing and improving air, land and water quality with air, water and waste treatment systems. Foundation courses for any engineering are in science and mathematics. What does it take to†¦show more content†¦Heat, rain, snow, and cold weather conditions are to be expected when dealing with the outdoors supervision of projects. How do you become a civil engineer? Most civil engineers need a bachelor’s degree; however, the re are master’s and doctorate programs available within the engineering field. Graduate degrees are required to be able to promote to management positions. Obtaining these degrees of education requires many years of college and study. Would you want to be in college for or more years? It’s part of the thought process. Civil Engineering employment is anticipated to increase over the next decade. Do you mind traveling? Often, civil engineers have to travel to job sites to complete supervisory projects. This requires traveling long and short distances. A civil engineer may be away from home for an extended period of time, depending on the job. According to Frederick S. Merritt, the civil engineering career often booms within the coastal regions and within large cities as to where the need for engineers in urban areas is small (Merritt 964-2). Providing technical advice regarding design, construction, or program modifications and structural repairs to industrial and manage rial personnel is required. This simplifies that a civil engineer will have to work well with other people. Civil engineers apply the principles of science and mathematics to develop economical solutions to technicalShow MoreRelatedWhat Type Of Anesthetics For Patients For A Pain Free Surgery?1585 Words   |  7 PagesAnesthesiologist https://www2.careercruising.com/careers/profile-at-a-glance/ Anesthesiologist give anesthetics to patients for a pain-free surgery. They have long working hours, but make 100k-300k a year. They access medical history to choose what type of anesthetics to be given and monitor the patient during surgery. Requires University level education to attend med school. Chemical Engineer https://www2.careercruising.com/careers/profile-at-a-glance/88 Chemical Engineers design and operate equipment processesRead MoreThe Dark Ages And Its Effect On Society1613 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent varies of professions such as law, medicine, engineering and etc. Also professions has different fields too. Today if a person wants to be an engineer he/she can be civil engineer, mechanical engineer, industrial engineer and etc. For example if a person chooses civil engineering as his/her major, he/she can still choose different fields such as highway engineering or skyscraper engineering. If someone studies and practices about highway engineering, he would construct better highways than someoneRead MoreEvolution And Development Within Our Society1256 Words   |  6 Pagesdetermining factors, concerning ethical and moral questions arise, as well as the creating of labels like â€Å"test tube babies†. Soon it will become a social norm in which children may be practically designed and society will be dealing with a new sort of civil rig ht agenda with only an out-crying response of â€Å"they are just like any other child†. Alongside the process of embryo selection, the deliberate manipulation of human genetics has moved from conception into reality, allowing one to question how farRead MoreConstruction Industry Profile1595 Words   |  7 Pagesplan, construction of civil works was allotted nearly 50 % of the total capital outlay. In 1954 National Industrial Development Corporation (NIDC), was set up in the public sector which is the first professional consultancy company. Then later many architectural, design engineering and construction companies were set up in the public sector (Indian Railways Construction Limited (IRCON), National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBCC), Rail India Transportation and Engineering Services (RITES), EngineersRead MoreShould Genetically Modified Organisms?908 Words   |  4 Pagesactivists state that it is a threat to the agriculture industry, and should be banned. Both sides have several valid points, however GMO’s are even more complicated from initial gla nce, and may not be as dangerous as some believe. 1st. Body: GMO’s are organisms whose genetic data has been manipulated through genetic engineering. In most cases these organisms are given a new gene to exhibit a specific trait (ex: Genes of fish in Alaska are used to help plants thrive in colder climates) which hopefullyRead MoreThe Invention Of Steam Power1712 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the US there were only around 7,000 naval engineers. Similarly, there were no scientific journals on engineering, thus forcing American inventors to rely on British journals to submit their work, to which is was often difficult to gain access. In order to remedy this issue, Congress approved the creation of the Engineers Corps under the US Navy in 1842. It was not until after the civil war that steam engineers were required to undergo formal training. In 1864 that Annapolis finally started aRead MoreEssay on Parthenon and Lincoln Memorial1499 Words   |  6 Pageswas involved in a myth containing Athena, Hephaestus and Gaia. The left ha nd of Lincoln is clenched around the arm rest, which represents his firm manner during the Civil War, while his right hand is resting and relaxed, to show that after the Civil war he was kind in letting the confederate states back into the union. At a first glance, the Lincoln Memorial and the Parthenon may seem like, being from two different places and two different eras, completely different buildings. However, because HenryRead MoreTechnical Efficiency Of Charter School1734 Words   |  7 Pageshigh start-up costs with little federal and state funding to help. With charter schools boasting a total of $2 billion in accounting profit per year, charter schools appear to be doing well for themselves (Charter Schools in the US, Industry at a Glance). However, charter schools are run as non-profit organizations, and the profits are recycled back into the school. One of the strongest arguments for charter schools is the idea that it gives children in urban areas a chance at a higher level ofRead MoreThe Moral Of Moral Agents1630 Words   |  7 Pagesevery mother or father are moral people and the small subset of parents who are domestic abusers could use this software to expand their capacities to control and punish for any min or grievance. This scenario is more complex than what is apparent at a glance, there are more stakeholders than those who are directly involved in the development and use of the application. The general public can also be seen as having some stake in the outcome of such a software. If using involuntary monitoring becomes theRead MoreThe Function Of Los Angeles International Airport1821 Words   |  8 Pagesother provinces. The solution was to build an airport outside of the city 3 miles of the coast of Japan allowing it to operate on a 24/7 basis without any restraints. The American Society of Civil Engineering awarded the Kansai International the Monument of the Millennium for the 20th century as a civil engineering masterpiece. KIX remains the central hub for Asia carrying 20 million passengers annually with more than 800 weekly flights to Asia, Europe, Middle East, and North America. Hailed as a â€Å"Japan’s

Hate Crimes Essay - 902 Words

Hate Crimes I. What are Hate Crimes A. Definitions for Hate Crimes B. Counting Hate Crimes 1. White Power 2. Black Power II. Examples of Hate Crimes A. Hate Crime penalties III. Reasons for Hate Crimes Even though Hate Crimes have been around in the past, and have been most certainly been more violent in the past. Hate Crimes are most certainly still a problem in todays society, but it is not dealt with the same violent manner as previously performed in the past. There are still violent acts done out of hate, but the battle has been a lot more words. Hate crimes are a serious problem in todays society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In this paper, three topics will be discussed. (1) What are Hate Crimes, (2) Examples of Hate†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hate crimes are so hard to count because it is not certain whether a crime is being committed out of hate. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1989-1991, a study done by Southern Poverty Law Center in Birmingham, Alabama, recorded an increase of hate crimes in those three years. The number of murders went up 100%, Cross burnings went up 200%, and vandalism went up 50%. These acts were said to be committed by a group of quot;skinheadsquot; in the Ku Klux Klan. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ku Klux Klan started out as a secret club in 1866, just after the war, claiming quot;superiority of the southern white man.quot; (Lang)20 Basically the KKK is a group of extremist individuals stalking, intimidating, hanging, and hurting anyone that was not a straight puritan white male. Many of nowadays extremists stemmed form these quot;Knightsquot; of white terror. (Lang)32. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hate Crimes are not only against Races (Blacks, Whites, Hispanic, Chinese...) they are also against religious beliefs, sexual preferences, and other minorities in todays society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are what they call far left extremists and far right extremists, and both have had there leaders. The far right extremists are the ones who want change and want it now. They want to have Black power. Not equal rights for all as preached by theShow MoreRelatedHate Crime : Hate Crimes1454 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crimes Hate crimes, two small words with a very big meaning. Hate crimes are happening everywhere, some hit the news, some go into newspapers and others don’t even make it to the point of any social awareness at all. Hate crimes are a targeted attack, one that should not be taken lightly. While hate crime laws infringe on free speech rights, acts of hate should be criminalized because groups of hate crimes have had a huge impact on social behavior for a long period of time, hate crimes victimizeRead MoreHate Crimes Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesCrimes I. Intro-What is a hate crime . A hate crime is when a person intentionally selects a victim because of the race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation. A person who commits a hate crime can come from any background and be any race. The term hate crime is meant to differentiate criminal behavior that is caused by prejudice from behavior that is motivated by greed jealously, anger, politics and like. Hate groups differ from one another in terms of membershipRead MoreThe Issue Of Hate Crimes2025 Words   |  9 Pagesfacing in the world are hate crimes. Despite this being a major issues, there appears to be no solution in sight to put a stop to hate crimes. For this paper I chose to focus on hate crimes I can gain more knowledge about this topic and because it s something that I have personally experienced. Throughout U.S. history, a significant proportion of all murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism have been fueled by hatred. As Native Americans have been described as the f irst hate crime victims, members ofRead MoreEssay on hate crimes661 Words   |  3 Pages Defining Hate Crimes Hate crimes has become an increasing problem here in the united states ranging from racial hatred to gender discrimination but what are hate crimes? According to Dr. Jack McDevitt, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston Hate crimes are message crimes, Hate crimes are defined as crimes that are violent act against people, property, or organizations because of the group to which they belong or identify with. The coined term â€Å"hate crimes† was first used No matterRead MoreHate Crimes Essay936 Words   |  4 Pagesare the roots of the violence/hate crimes today in our contemporary society? What can we do to reduce them? Explain. The world is full of HATE. What is this word? What makes someone HATE someone else enough to kill or harm another human being? Hate crimes are criminal actions intended to harm or intimidate people because of their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, or other minority group status. They are also referred to as bias crimes. Hate crimes have been going on in the worldRead MoreHate Crimes Laws And Hate Crime1543 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crimes What is a hate crime? Although the definition can vary based on what groups are included (Cogan, 2006, p. 174) the simplest definition would be, violence against a person or group of people based on their gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, race or disability (Burgess, Regehr, Roberts, 2013). Hate Crimes do not just effect the victim but also the community. Those who become victims of hate crime are not chosen at random, it is because of the group they identify with orRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime Analysis Kim Hull CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 13, 2011 Facilitator David Mailloux CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else.  I haveRead MoreHate Crimes, By Nelson Mandela1393 Words   |  6 PagesHate crimes consist of actions done against individuals or groups of people as a result of prejudice attitudes. These prejudices are based on race, religion, ethnicity or sexual orientation. Some crimes even go so far as to display actions against gender or physical and mental abilities (McDevitt, J., Levin, J., Bennett, S, 2002). As Nelson Mandela stated, a hateful attitude against others must be learned (Brainz, n.d.). Hate crimes are a learned attitude of prejudice against others because ofRead MoreThe Crime Of Hate Crimes1607 Words   |  7 P agesHate crimes are very common in today’s society, they can range from various ethnicities and orientations as well as the severity of the crime committed. A hate crime is defined as â€Å"the violence of intolerance and bigotry, intended to hurt and intimidate someone because of their race, ethnicity, national origin, religious, sexual orientation, or disability. 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Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps Free Essays

Researcher Role The researcher role in this qualitative study was to oversee the data collection process and analysis of the study. The data collection and analysis process consists of gathering and measuring themes of interest in a fashion that answer questions and evaluate outcomes. Participants The population of this study was employees and customers of coffee shops. We will write a custom essay sample on Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps or any similar topic only for you Order Now The participants for this convenience sampled, interview study consisted of employees and customers of local coffee shops located in the Saint Paul, MN. Participants were contacted in person and asked to participate in the study. Overall 15 customers and employees were solicited. Participants were told a brief overview of the purpose of the study and presented a consent form. The consent form contained information relating to the purpose of the study and information ensuring the participant that their identity and confidentiality would not be compromised. Data Collection Technique Before collecting data, the researcher completed the required ethical training by reviewing and understanding the ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Informed Consent A walk up approach method was used to solicit prospective participants for this study. It was stressed that participation was voluntary and confidential. A letter in Appendix A was prepared for interested parties. If prospective participants did not show an interest in the interview, they could Just decline to participate and no further involvement was needed. Instruments The two data collection instruments, one for employees and one for customers, were composed six structured open-ended questions in Appendix B. The questions were designed to capture participant feelings about mobile app technology and its adaptability to coffee shops. Data Collection Data was collected through an in person structured open-ended interview. The researchers were able to interview the participant during the end of the work day by walking up to the prospective participant and asking if they had a couple of minutes to answer a couple of questions. The researcher would then ask the participant six questions and record the participant response. The interview would end with the researcher thanking the participant for their time. Data Analysis Data Analysis Technique The raw data was separated into the two instruments and analyzed by group first. Through the first pass of each questionnaire, the researcher highlighted and noted interesting thoughts from each of the individuals and then determined which comments stuck out more frequently and noticed comments that were unique but very valid points, both for and against the mobile app idea. By doing this, the researcher was able to develop themes and then make an assessment as to if the customer or employee saw potential with the app and if there was going to be a level of demand high enough to support the amount of investment and increase in resources within the coffee shops. Data Analysis – Customers The researcher was able to get 8 customers varying in age and gender to take the 10 to 15 minutes with me to answer the 6 question questionnaire. As expected, the researcher got many similar answers to the questions however; the researcher did collect some very interesting comments that were unique. It was found that of all the customers have heard of this mobile app technology and of those, 75% said that they would use the technology if it were available. The main theme for participants who said yes was because they thought it would be a great way to save time and avoid re typically compulsive and would not want to use a telephone to order in their vehicle. The customers who answered yes agreed that they would use it for all of the items on the menu, especially the food items because those tend to take a little longer. When asked about potential complications all said they could see things going wrong particularly regarding the quality and temperature of the pre-ordered items. A few were concerned about the actual mobile app technology staying current and functional. Another idea was to add a feature to the app to act as a reward punch card. Data Analysis – Employees The employees, on the other hand, had a bit of a different view on the functionality of having a mobile app ordering process. All seven of the employees interviewed shared the knowledge of the technology, but only 14% thought that it would work and the others thought that it only could work or it would be rather challenging to implement successfully. The employees shared the same concerns as the customer about quality and temperature however, this was more of their focus because they have certain standards they have to meet based on their business model. It was also made apparent that the majority of coffee shops business model involves face-to-face contact for suggestive selling and for customers to come in and stay a while. Many of the employees thought that there would have to be a dedicated member working in a distinctly different area of the store with more resources, for example more screens, a new POS system, more counter space and more employees. Some of the thoughts were that mobile app users and regular order in customers should not be forced to be in the same line. This could cause client satisfaction to be decreased. That being said the employees did have many positive things to say about the mobile app. Many thought that there would be more organization behind the counter and it could increase sales and revenue and it could reach a completely new realm of clients. Some thought that this would work great for locations with a drive thru window. Many said that this would be a great opportunity for larger orders for example when people need coffee for more than 5 people at once. The larger coffee canteens take a while to make and get ready for customer pickup especially during busy times. Lastly, to go with that it was said by many that they could see this working much better if there were a limited menu for the app. Limitations/Delimitation’s Limitations in this exploratory research were that when trying to interview employees, there were a couple of times we were rushed or interrupted because of customers. In addition, we were limited to only the population that was in the coffee shop at that time therefore not allowing for a large demographic diversity. Population and Sampling The target population of this study consisted of customers of a coffee shop in the United States. The expected size of the sample was over 25 participants where we didn’t know anything about if they even drank coffee or visited coffee shops. Also we had no idea if they were handy with mobile APS. Data Collection E-mail or a message board requests via Backbone and Linked were used for this study. This method made sure that participants knew this was voluntary and confidential. A letter on the first page of the survey was prepared for interested parties to learn more about the study. If potential participants did not want to partake in the survey, they could disregard the request and no further contribution as needed. Instrument The data collection instrument (Appendix C) was composed mostly of quantitative closed-ended questions. How to cite Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps, Papers

Napster Essays (1410 words) - Virtual Communities, Metallica

Napster If you want to know where a Silicon Valley-ite stands in the ongoing war for the soul of the Internet, just ask him or her what the buzzword is these days. Many will tell you it is B2B, a backslapping shorthand for e-schemes directed to the business to business market. But those who still believe that the Internet revolution is still a seething, evolving, paradigm-busting phenomenon will offer a different buzzword: Napster (Levy 68). This new term pertains to a specific digital-music program, the start-up company built around the free software and the full effect brought about by its crazy popularity (Ante 197,198). 19-year-old Shawn Fanning began writing the code so he could stop his roommates constant complaining about the unreliable MP3 search engines (Greenfeld, The Free Juke Box, 82). It took a true Internet kidto figure out that the way to do it was to allow anybody free and total access to everybody elses music collection (Levy 68). Download the program, free of charge, and simply type in the songs that are desired. Napster then lists whats available online in the MP3 format on thousands of hard drives. It then finds the selection on someone elses hard drive, and with a click of a button its downloaded onto your hard drive, and others can then download it from there (Levy 68). Napster is a program that should not be shut-down but supported because it enables people to search for and download songs that are no longer produced, available, or hard to find. Napster has made itself some powerful enemies in its short existence (Cohen 41). It has drawn the wrath of the record industry, whose suit charges the company launched a service that enables and facilitates piracy of music on an unprecedented scale (Brull 50). Piracy is defined by the World Book Dictionary as the act of publishing or using a book, play, musical composition, or the like, without permission (Barnhart). In fact, Napster does the exact opposite. It states so in its Napster, Inc. End-User Software License Agreement (Appendix A): The software integrated browser which, when used with the Napster service, is designed to enable musicians and music fans to locate audio recordings available in the MP3 formatAccordingly, you are responsible for complying with all applicable federal and state laws applicable to such content, including copyright laws. Napster respects copyright law and expects our users to do the same. Unauthorized copying, distribution, modification, public display, or public performance of copyrighted works is an infringement of the copyright holders rights. The above paragraph states the terms that Napster makes with its users. The terms state that Napster respects copyright laws and expects its users to do the same. A federal judge in New York ruled that a new service from MP3.com Inc. let people access their music from the Web and that had infringed on copyright laws (Brull 50). But what looked like a victory for the $14.6 billion record industry was only a skirmish in a war it is losing (Brull 50). The message has become quite clear: Courtroom victories wont save the Industry. Instead, the record companies should quickly create new business models that would allow consumers to organize their music on computers and send it over the net. So far, the big industry giants have been dragging their feet. They fear that surrendering control of music distribution would mean losing revenue and royalties (Brull 50). There are signs that the industry is finally moving. On April 28, for instance, Sony Music Entertainment Inc. began selling digitally delivered singles from Babyface, Pearl Jam, and two-dozen other artists at its Sonymusic.com site (Brull 50). And on May 2, Sony and Universal Music Group announced a joint venture to develop a subscription-based service over computers, cell phones, and set-up boxes. But these ventures are little more than baby steps. Sonys download service is a nonstarter because songs are priced at the same level as CD singles (Brull 50). Moreover, the system restricts users ability to transfer files to their own computer or to other digital devices such as MP3 players. Contrast that with Napster, which allows PC owners to share their music files that are stored on their hard drives over the Net (Brull